{"id":31400,"date":"2015-12-01T01:21:54","date_gmt":"2015-12-01T06:21:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/?p=31400"},"modified":"2015-12-01T01:21:54","modified_gmt":"2015-12-01T06:21:54","slug":"november-30-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prefblog.com\/?p=31400","title":{"rendered":"November 30, 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I have a lot of sympathy for the central bankers of the world, as I&#8217;ve mentioned before: they cut policy yields to the bone, hoping thereby to get consumers spending and business investing, but all that happens is people drive up the value of real estate. It will take a long period of declines and stagnation before people look upon their houses merely as a place to live, and that hasn&#8217;t started happening yet!<\/p>\n<p>To address this problem of what can credibly be argued is misdirected investment &#8211; into non-productive assets &#8211; politicians from all over have played God with their economies, micromanaging mortgage rules to ensure that only the right sort of people can get financing for real-estate. I deplore this, while at the same time agreeing that a problem is demonstrable.<\/p>\n<p>I would prefer a broader-brush approach to bank capital, based on the precept that while change can be good or bad, rapid changes of emphasis in the economy are very often bad, evidence of bubbles rather than shifts in demand. For instance, mortgages as a share of Canadian bank assets increased from 30% to 40%, fueled by an enormous expansion of CMHC guarantees, and while I would not go so far as to say that is definitive proof of a bubble, I will say that it&#8217;s a big change and should be addressed in a cautious manner.<\/p>\n<p>There are two approaches that can be taken: the first is to insist that for risk-management purposes, the loan-to-value ratio of a mortgage be calculated not according to the sale price or to the appraised value, but to an estimate of what this would have been five or ten years ago, adjusted for inflation. So, for instance, if we have a house that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.trebhome.com\/market_news\/market_watch\/2015\/mw1507.pdf\">sold in 2014 for $567,000<\/a> and has a mortgage of $400,000, we would now currently say the LTV is 71%. I suggest that for regulatory risk purposes we use the 2009 price of $395,000, add on 10% to reflect plain vanilla inflation for a notional value of $435,000, and say OK, you&#8217;ve got to put up capital reflecting this notional LTV of 92%, which is a different kettle of fish altogether.<\/p>\n<p>The second approach would simply say &#8230; 40% of your balance sheet is now mortgages, the average over the last ten years is 30%, the difference is 10% and 10% of that is 1%, so there&#8217;s a countercyclical capital surcharge of 1% that will be applied to your risk weighted assets. A solution would need to be more detailed, with meaningful categorizations of bank assets and threshold values for surcharges so that slow change is not discouraged, but that&#8217;s the general idea.<\/p>\n<p>An <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2015-07-19\/australian-banks-must-set-aside-more-capital-for-mortgage-losses\">Australian change of mortgage risk-weights last summer<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Under rules coming into force on July 1, 2016, the average risk weight on residential mortgage exposures will rise to at least 25 percent from about 16 percent, the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority said in a statement.<br \/><b>&#8230;<\/b><br \/>The regulator is forcing banks to shore up their capital after a government review last December recommended they should rank among the top 25 percent of lenders globally. The capital increase forms part of the regulators\u2019 attempt to ensure the financial system can cope with any downturn in the housing market, where prices have climbed almost 30 percent in the past three years.<\/p>\n<p>Australia &#038; New Zealand Banking Group Ltd. Commonwealth Bank of Australia, National Australia Bank Ltd., Westpac Banking Corp. and Macquarie Group Ltd. will be affected by the new rules, which equate to increasing minimum capital requirements by about 80 basis points, APRA said. The cost of holding more capital may force the lenders to raise their mortgage rates, according to Morningstar Inc. and Bell Potter Securities Ltd.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&#8230; and the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2015-11-30\/sydney-home-prices-drop-most-in-five-years-as-regulation-bites\">change appears to have had some effect<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Sydney home prices fell the most in five years in November as a regulatory crackdown forces banks to tighten lending and increase mortgage rates.<\/p>\n<p>Dwelling values in Australia\u2019s largest city dropped 1.4 percent from a month earlier, data from property researcher CoreLogic Inc. showed on Tuesday. That was the biggest drop since December 2010 and the first decline since May. Prices across the nation\u2019s capital cities declined 1.5 percent, with Melbourne leading with a 3.5 percent decrease.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe fact that mortgage rates have risen independently of the cash rate has, in all likelihood, become a contributor to the slowdown in housing market conditions,\u201d Tim Lawless, head of research at the firm, said in an e-mailed statement. \u201cTighter mortgage servicing criteria across the board and affordability constraints in the Sydney and Melbourne markets are also having an impact on market demand.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The drop in home prices is yet another indicator of the cooling Sydney property market after mortgage rates close to five-decade lows and buying by foreigners sent prices up 44 percent in the past three years.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.apra.gov.au\/MediaReleases\/Pages\/15_19.aspx\">regulator&#8217;s justification for the increase<\/a> makes much more sense than the micro-economic arguments we&#8217;re hearing from Ottawa and the UK!<\/p>\n<p>And in today&#8217;s drone news, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/b?node=8037720011\">Amazon has released videos and pictures about its developing Prime Air delivery service<\/a>!<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/prime-air_02.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/prime-air_02-300x154.jpg\" alt=\"prime-air_02\" width=400\" height=\"205\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31402\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>It was another mixed day for the Canadian preferred share market, with PerpetualDiscounts up 30bp, FixedResets off 42bp and DeemedRetractibles gaining 14bp. FixedResets comprised all of the bad part of the Performance Highlights table. Volume was extremely high.<\/p>\n<p>For as long as the FixedReset market is so violently unsettled, I\u2019ll keep publishing updates of the more interesting and meaningful series of FixedResets\u2019 Implied Volatilities. This doesn\u2019t include Enbridge because although Enbridge has a large number of issues outstanding, all of which are quite liquid, the range of Issue Reset Spreads is too small for decent conclusions. The low is 212bp (ENB.PR.H; second-lowest is ENB.PR.D at 237bp) and the high is a mere 268 for ENB.PF.G.<\/p>\n<p>Remember that all rich \/cheap assessments are:<br \/>\n\u00bb based on Implied Volatility Theory only<br \/>\n\u00bb are relative only to other FixedResets from the same issuer<br \/>\n\u00bb assume constant GOC-5 yield<br \/>\n\u00bb assume constant Implied Volatility<br \/>\n\u00bb assume constant spread<\/p>\n<p>Here\u2019s TRP:<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_TRP_151130.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_TRP_151130-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"impVol_TRP_151130\" width=\"400\" height=\"328\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31405\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>TRP.PR.E, which resets 2019-10-30 at +235, is bid at 19.30 to be $1.30 rich, while TRP.PR.C, resetting 2016-1-30 at +154, is $0.95 cheap at its bid price of 12.64.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_MFC_151130.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_MFC_151130-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"impVol_MFC_151130\" width=\"400\" height=\"328\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31406\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>Most expensive is MFC.PR.N, resetting at +230bp on 2020-3-19, bid at 20.60 to be 0.49 rich, while MFC.PR.J, resetting at +261bp on 2018-3-19, is bid at 21.00 to be 0.62 cheap.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_BAM_151130.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_BAM_151130-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"impVol_BAM_151130\" width=\"400\" height=\"328\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31407\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>The cheapest issue relative to its peers is BAM.PR.R, resetting at +230bp on 2016-6-30, bid at 15.90 to be $1.16 cheap. BAM.PR.X, resetting at +180bp on 2017-6-30 is bid at 15.16 and appears to be $0.77 rich.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_BAM_1511301.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/impVol_BAM_1511301-300x246.jpg\" alt=\"impVol_BAM_151130\" width=\"400\" height=\"328\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31408\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>FTS.PR.K, with a spread of +205bp, and bid at 18.89, looks $0.92 expensive and resets 2019-3-1. FTS.PR.G, with a spread of +213bp and resetting 2018-9-1, is bid at 17.82 and is $0.58 cheap.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/pairs_FR_151130.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/pairs_FR_151130-300x222.jpg\" alt=\"pairs_FR_151130\" width=\"400\" height=\"296\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31409\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>Investment-grade pairs predict an average three-month bill yield over the next five-odd years of -0.35%, with no outliers. There is one junk outlier below -1.50%.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><a href=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/pairs_FF_151130.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/prefblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/pairs_FF_151130-300x216.jpg\" alt=\"pairs_FF_151130\" width=\"400\" height=\"288\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-31410\" \/><\/a><br \/><i>Click for Big<\/i><\/div>\n<p>Shall we just say that this exhibits a high level of confidence in the continued rapacity of Canadian banks?<\/p>\n<table border='1'>\n<tr>\n<td colspan='8'><strong>HIMIPref&trade; Preferred Indices<br \/>These values reflect the December 2008 revision of the HIMIPref&trade; Indices<\/strong><br \/>Values are provisional and are finalized monthly<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Index<\/td>\n<td>Mean<br \/>Current<br \/>Yield<br \/>(at bid)<\/td>\n<td>Median<br \/>YTW<\/td>\n<td>Median<br \/>Average<br \/>Trading<br \/>Value<\/td>\n<td>Median<br \/>Mod Dur<br \/>(YTW)<\/td>\n<td>Issues<\/td>\n<td>Day&#8217;s Perf.<\/td>\n<td>Index Value<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ratchet<\/td>\n<td>4.37 %<\/td>\n<td>5.25 %<\/td>\n<td>35,717<\/td>\n<td>17.57<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>-0.3831 %<\/td>\n<td>1,780.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FixedFloater<\/td>\n<td>6.28 %<\/td>\n<td>5.53 %<\/td>\n<td>28,774<\/td>\n<td>16.86<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>-0.5263 %<\/td>\n<td>3,106.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Floater<\/td>\n<td>4.25 %<\/td>\n<td>4.31 %<\/td>\n<td>87,423<\/td>\n<td>16.71<\/td>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>3.1889 %<\/td>\n<td>1,856.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>OpRet<\/td>\n<td>4.85 %<\/td>\n<td>3.54 %<\/td>\n<td>28,050<\/td>\n<td>0.74<\/td>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0.1190 %<\/td>\n<td>2,744.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SplitShare<\/td>\n<td>4.77 %<\/td>\n<td>5.64 %<\/td>\n<td>128,712<\/td>\n<td>4.32<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>-0.2645 %<\/td>\n<td>3,214.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Interest-Bearing<\/td>\n<td>0.00 %<\/td>\n<td>0.00 %<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>0.00<\/td>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>-0.2645 %<\/td>\n<td>2,507.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Perpetual-Premium<\/td>\n<td>5.74 %<\/td>\n<td>-5.60 %<\/td>\n<td>89,084<\/td>\n<td>0.09<\/td>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>0.2357 %<\/td>\n<td>2,532.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Perpetual-Discount<\/td>\n<td>5.55 %<\/td>\n<td>5.59 %<\/td>\n<td>92,851<\/td>\n<td>14.47<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>0.3031 %<\/td>\n<td>2,578.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>5.02 %<\/td>\n<td>4.66 %<\/td>\n<td>224,971<\/td>\n<td>14.99<\/td>\n<td>76<\/td>\n<td>-0.4183 %<\/td>\n<td>2,043.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Deemed-Retractible<\/td>\n<td>5.14 %<\/td>\n<td>5.14 %<\/td>\n<td>122,615<\/td>\n<td>5.36<\/td>\n<td>33<\/td>\n<td>0.1423 %<\/td>\n<td>2,597.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>2.63 %<\/td>\n<td>3.61 %<\/td>\n<td>65,192<\/td>\n<td>5.73<\/td>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>0.4807 %<\/td>\n<td>2,196.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table border='1'>\n<tr>\n<td colspan='4'><strong>Performance Highlights<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Issue<\/td>\n<td>Index<\/td>\n<td>Change<\/td>\n<td>Notes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FTS.PR.G<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-2.52 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 17.82<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 17.82<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.47 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MFC.PR.J<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-2.51 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 21.00<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.95 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PF.B<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.93 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 18.85<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 18.85<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.97 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.A<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.87 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 15.75<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 15.75<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.66 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PR.R<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.79 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 15.90<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 15.90<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.27 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SLF.PR.G<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.73 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 14.80<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 8.89 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RY.PR.M<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.67 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 20.06<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 20.06<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.46 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.D<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.65 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 18.48<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 18.48<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.69 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PF.F<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.64 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 20.34<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 20.34<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.92 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HSE.PR.G<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.64 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 21.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 21.00<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.34 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BMO.PR.S<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.44 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 19.16<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.16<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.45 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FTS.PR.K<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.41 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 18.89<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 18.89<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.18 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BNS.PR.D<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.41 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.62<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.61 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PR.T<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.33 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 16.36<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 16.36<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.21 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MFC.PR.K<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.28 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.30<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 6.74 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.C<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.25 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 12.64<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 12.64<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.92 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.B<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.19 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 11.66<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 11.66<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.69 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CM.PR.P<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.10 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 17.95<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 17.95<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.65 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>NA.PR.Q<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.08 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 24.75<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.73 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BNS.PR.Y<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.07 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 20.30<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.52 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.E<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>-1.03 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 19.30<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.30<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.55 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CU.PR.D<\/td>\n<td>Perpetual-Discount<\/td>\n<td>1.00 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 21.81<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 22.15<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.55 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CU.PR.E<\/td>\n<td>Perpetual-Discount<\/td>\n<td>1.01 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 21.70<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 22.00<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.59 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TD.PR.T<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>1.09 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 23.10<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.39 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CU.PR.C<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>1.15 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 19.34<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.34<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.38 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GWO.PR.N<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>1.17 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 13.83<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 9.82 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MFC.PR.F<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>1.22 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 14.91<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 8.98 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PWF.PR.G<\/td>\n<td>Perpetual-Premium<\/td>\n<td>1.27 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Call<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2015-12-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 25.60<br \/>\nBid-YTW : -16.42 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CU.PR.H<\/td>\n<td>Perpetual-Discount<\/td>\n<td>1.44 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 23.62<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 23.95<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.50 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TD.PR.Z<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>1.54 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 23.06<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.50 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SLF.PR.H<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>1.67 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 18.25<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 7.22 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IAG.PR.A<\/td>\n<td>Deemed-Retractible<\/td>\n<td>1.68 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 21.80<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 6.45 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PWF.PR.T<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>1.89 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 22.23<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 22.70<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.78 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CU.PR.G<\/td>\n<td>Perpetual-Discount<\/td>\n<td>1.99 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 20.50<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 20.50<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.52 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PR.B<\/td>\n<td>Floater<\/td>\n<td>2.59 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 11.10<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 11.10<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.31 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PR.C<\/td>\n<td>Floater<\/td>\n<td>3.25 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 11.13<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 11.13<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.30 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.H<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>3.45 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 10.80<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 10.80<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.99 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BAM.PR.K<\/td>\n<td>Floater<\/td>\n<td>3.74 %<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 11.10<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 11.10<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.31 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table border='1'>\n<tr>\n<td colspan='4'><strong>Volume Highlights<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Issue<\/td>\n<td>Index<\/td>\n<td>Shares<br \/>Traded<\/td>\n<td>Notes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BNS.PR.C<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>126,134<\/td>\n<td>TD crossed 125,000 at 23.05.<br \/>\nYTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 23.00<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.75 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IFC.PR.A<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>62,719<\/td>\n<td>Desjardins crossed 42,100 at 16.45.<br \/>\nYTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 16.39<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 8.82 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BNS.PR.R<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>59,151<\/td>\n<td>TD crossed 50,000 at 24.80.<br \/>\nYTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 24.73<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 3.62 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>PWF.PR.P<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>43,750<\/td>\n<td>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 14.61<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 14.61<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.36 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.F<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>37,975<\/td>\n<td>RBC crossed 17,300 at 13.93.<br \/>\nYTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 13.90<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 13.90<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.25 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>FTS.PR.K<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>36,701<\/td>\n<td>RBC crossed 17,800 at 19.15.<br \/>\nYTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 18.89<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 18.89<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.18 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td colspan='4'>There were 65 other index-included issues trading in excess of 10,000 shares.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n<table border='1'>\n<tr>\n<td colspan='3'><strong>Wide Spread Highlights<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Issue<\/td>\n<td>Index<\/td>\n<td>Quote Data and Yield Notes<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>HSE.PR.G<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>Quote: 21.00 &#8211; 21.79<br \/>\nSpot Rate  :  0.7900<br \/>\nAverage  :  0.4778<\/p>\n<p>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 21.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 21.00<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.34 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>TRP.PR.A<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>Quote: 15.75 &#8211; 16.39<br \/>\nSpot Rate  :  0.6400<br \/>\nAverage  :  0.4307<\/p>\n<p>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 15.75<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 15.75<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.66 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MFC.PR.K<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>Quote: 19.30 &#8211; 19.84<br \/>\nSpot Rate  :  0.5400<br \/>\nAverage  :  0.3452<\/p>\n<p>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.30<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 6.74 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RY.PR.M<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>Quote: 20.06 &#8211; 20.51<br \/>\nSpot Rate  :  0.4500<br \/>\nAverage  :  0.2849<\/p>\n<p>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Limit Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2045-11-30<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 20.06<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 20.06<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 4.46 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>MFC.PR.J<\/td>\n<td>FixedReset<\/td>\n<td>Quote: 21.00 &#8211; 21.50<br \/>\nSpot Rate  :  0.5000<br \/>\nAverage  :  0.3371<\/p>\n<p>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2025-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 21.00<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.95 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BNS.PR.D<\/td>\n<td>FloatingReset<\/td>\n<td>Quote: 19.62 &#8211; 19.99<br \/>\nSpot Rate  :  0.3700<br \/>\nAverage  :  0.2196<\/p>\n<p>YTW SCENARIO<br \/>\nMaturity Type   : Hard Maturity<br \/>\nMaturity Date\t: 2022-01-31<br \/>\nMaturity Price  : 25.00<br \/>\nEvaluated at bid price : 19.62<br \/>\nBid-YTW : 5.61 %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I have a lot of sympathy for the central bankers of the world, as I&#8217;ve mentioned before: they cut policy yields to the bone, hoping thereby to get consumers spending and business investing, but all 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