Assiduous Readers will recall that in the MAPF December 2021 Performance Report I suggested that:
While one can only rarely point to a single mechanism explaining a change in relative prices and say, with any credibility whatsoever, that A caused B, I have to admit I’m more dubious than usual about this claim. I believe that the continued rally is due to continued interest rate anticipation, which is now (for some investors) considered to be on the way up rather than continuing the downward staggering of the past ten years; this in turn is derived from Central Bank ‘easy money’ policies and very loose government fiscal policies; which is considered to be on the verge of driving inflation upwards.
Who’s right? Well, we’ll know in ten years, at a time when half of the investing world will graciously explain at length how their uncanny ability to read global market forces allowed them to time the market and make enormous profits, while the other half will tell you the question is irrelevant because investing is about the future, not the past. My advice is, as always, to make asset allocation decisions based on the long-term characteristics of each asset class and how these characteristics interact with your long-term portfolio objectives.
So here’s some interest rate anticipation from George Athanassakos:
It’s undoubtedly a contrarian viewpoint for many investors, but based on underlying trends, it’s my belief that higher interest rates are on the way. COVID-19 has only stalled these long-term forces. When the pandemic ends we will see the trend of higher rates to begin to establish itself.
…
Demographic developments are pushing the real interest rate trend higher. Baby boomers have been retiring and have stopped saving; in fact, they are in their “decumulation” years, which reduces the supply of funds.
This happens in the face of increased demand for capital by corporations that need to embed innovation and new technologies into their production processes, as well as by governments that need to borrow to fund structural deficits.To clear the demand-supply imbalance, the real interest rate trend is pushed up, not unlike what had happened in the late 1970s.
HIMIPref™ Preferred Indices These values reflect the December 2008 revision of the HIMIPref™ Indices Values are provisional and are finalized monthly |
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Index | Mean Current Yield (at bid) |
Median YTW |
Median Average Trading Value |
Median Mod Dur (YTW) |
Issues | Day’s Perf. | Index Value |
Ratchet | 0.00 % | 0.00 % | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.4269 % | 1,897.7 |
FixedFloater | 0.00 % | 0.00 % | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.4269 % | 3,482.1 |
Floater | 4.56 % | 4.58 % | 46,720 | 16.30 | 3 | 0.4269 % | 2,006.8 |
OpRet | 0.00 % | 0.00 % | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.1638 % | 3,620.1 |
SplitShare | 4.72 % | 4.47 % | 39,395 | 4.24 | 8 | -0.1638 % | 4,323.2 |
Interest-Bearing | 0.00 % | 0.00 % | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | -0.1638 % | 3,373.1 |
Perpetual-Premium | 5.33 % | -1.97 % | 66,231 | 0.09 | 18 | 0.0043 % | 3,221.4 |
Perpetual-Discount | 5.00 % | 5.06 % | 68,587 | 15.35 | 13 | 0.0095 % | 3,684.2 |
FixedReset Disc | 4.98 % | 3.79 % | 135,462 | 17.54 | 57 | 0.2675 % | 2,354.9 |
Insurance Straight | 5.04 % | 4.75 % | 85,230 | 15.37 | 22 | 0.0992 % | 3,567.2 |
FloatingReset | 2.53 % | 0.51 % | 33,040 | 0.16 | 3 | 0.8256 % | 1,877.2 |
FixedReset Prem | 5.13 % | 2.67 % | 211,651 | 1.03 | 20 | 0.1336 % | 2,694.2 |
FixedReset Bank Non | 1.94 % | 1.56 % | 155,787 | 0.16 | 2 | -0.0800 % | 2,882.6 |
FixedReset Ins Non | 4.96 % | 3.71 % | 88,388 | 17.57 | 22 | 0.0482 % | 2,457.7 |
Performance Highlights | |||
Issue | Index | Change | Notes |
MFC.PR.N | FixedReset Ins Non | -21.79 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 15.15 Evaluated at bid price : 15.15 Bid-YTW : 4.86 % |
TRP.PR.D | FixedReset Disc | -2.63 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 15.20 Evaluated at bid price : 15.20 Bid-YTW : 4.90 % |
TRP.PR.C | FixedReset Disc | -1.71 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 10.35 Evaluated at bid price : 10.35 Bid-YTW : 4.67 % |
EIT.PR.A | SplitShare | -1.24 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Soft Maturity Maturity Date : 2024-03-14 Maturity Price : 25.00 Evaluated at bid price : 25.50 Bid-YTW : 4.25 % |
BAM.PR.R | FixedReset Disc | -1.21 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 14.75 Evaluated at bid price : 14.75 Bid-YTW : 4.60 % |
BAM.PR.T | FixedReset Disc | -1.12 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 14.95 Evaluated at bid price : 14.95 Bid-YTW : 4.62 % |
BAM.PR.Z | FixedReset Disc | 1.04 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 18.50 Evaluated at bid price : 18.50 Bid-YTW : 4.75 % |
BAM.PF.B | FixedReset Disc | 1.04 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 17.42 Evaluated at bid price : 17.42 Bid-YTW : 4.72 % |
NA.PR.S | FixedReset Disc | 1.08 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 19.67 Evaluated at bid price : 19.67 Bid-YTW : 3.79 % |
RY.PR.M | FixedReset Disc | 1.09 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 21.38 Evaluated at bid price : 21.38 Bid-YTW : 3.55 % |
BIP.PR.F | FixedReset Disc | 1.13 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 23.02 Evaluated at bid price : 24.09 Bid-YTW : 5.27 % |
TD.PF.K | FixedReset Disc | 1.20 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 22.26 Evaluated at bid price : 22.68 Bid-YTW : 3.58 % |
BNS.PR.I | FixedReset Disc | 1.36 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 21.99 Evaluated at bid price : 22.33 Bid-YTW : 3.46 % |
MFC.PR.F | FixedReset Ins Non | 1.41 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 12.21 Evaluated at bid price : 12.21 Bid-YTW : 3.72 % |
TD.PF.J | FixedReset Disc | 1.57 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 22.75 Evaluated at bid price : 23.36 Bid-YTW : 3.51 % |
MFC.PR.H | FixedReset Ins Non | 1.71 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 23.25 Evaluated at bid price : 23.75 Bid-YTW : 3.74 % |
SLF.PR.G | FixedReset Ins Non | 1.85 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 12.09 Evaluated at bid price : 12.09 Bid-YTW : 3.75 % |
CU.PR.F | Perpetual-Discount | 1.90 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 23.38 Evaluated at bid price : 23.65 Bid-YTW : 4.80 % |
MFC.PR.Q | FixedReset Ins Non | 2.00 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 21.37 Evaluated at bid price : 21.37 Bid-YTW : 3.71 % |
BAM.PF.F | FixedReset Disc | 2.14 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 18.14 Evaluated at bid price : 18.14 Bid-YTW : 4.73 % |
IAF.PR.G | FixedReset Ins Non | 2.23 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 21.06 Evaluated at bid price : 21.06 Bid-YTW : 3.91 % |
IAF.PR.I | FixedReset Ins Non | 2.44 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 21.50 Evaluated at bid price : 21.87 Bid-YTW : 3.78 % |
SLF.PR.J | FloatingReset | 3.13 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 11.20 Evaluated at bid price : 11.20 Bid-YTW : 3.27 % |
IFC.PR.G | FixedReset Ins Non | 3.25 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 20.94 Evaluated at bid price : 20.94 Bid-YTW : 3.81 % |
GWO.PR.N | FixedReset Ins Non | 4.45 % | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 11.74 Evaluated at bid price : 11.74 Bid-YTW : 3.65 % |
Volume Highlights | |||
Issue | Index | Shares Traded |
Notes |
TRP.PR.A | FixedReset Disc | 157,100 | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 13.39 Evaluated at bid price : 13.39 Bid-YTW : 4.82 % |
TD.PF.G | FixedReset Prem | 129,589 | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Call Maturity Date : 2021-04-30 Maturity Price : 25.00 Evaluated at bid price : 25.58 Bid-YTW : 1.20 % |
RY.PR.Q | FixedReset Prem | 114,632 | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Call Maturity Date : 2021-05-24 Maturity Price : 25.00 Evaluated at bid price : 25.47 Bid-YTW : 2.19 % |
BNS.PR.E | FixedReset Prem | 83,355 | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Call Maturity Date : 2021-04-25 Maturity Price : 25.00 Evaluated at bid price : 25.21 Bid-YTW : 1.61 % |
TRP.PR.C | FixedReset Disc | 61,675 | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 10.35 Evaluated at bid price : 10.35 Bid-YTW : 4.67 % |
TRP.PR.B | FixedReset Disc | 45,000 | YTW SCENARIO Maturity Type : Limit Maturity Maturity Date : 2051-01-06 Maturity Price : 9.58 Evaluated at bid price : 9.58 Bid-YTW : 4.40 % |
There were 23 other index-included issues trading in excess of 10,000 shares. |
Wide Spread Highlights | ||
Issue | Index | Quote Data and Yield Notes |
MFC.PR.N | FixedReset Ins Non | Quote: 15.15 – 19.84 Spot Rate : 4.6900 Average : 2.6682 YTW SCENARIO |
BAM.PF.F | FixedReset Disc | Quote: 18.14 – 19.59 Spot Rate : 1.4500 Average : 0.8812 YTW SCENARIO |
MFC.PR.M | FixedReset Ins Non | Quote: 19.69 – 20.69 Spot Rate : 1.0000 Average : 0.6647 YTW SCENARIO |
BMO.PR.Y | FixedReset Disc | Quote: 21.45 – 22.00 Spot Rate : 0.5500 Average : 0.3701 YTW SCENARIO |
PWF.PR.P | FixedReset Disc | Quote: 11.76 – 12.20 Spot Rate : 0.4400 Average : 0.3114 YTW SCENARIO |
EIT.PR.A | SplitShare | Quote: 25.50 – 26.10 Spot Rate : 0.6000 Average : 0.4736 YTW SCENARIO |
“Demographic developments are pushing the real interest rate trend higher. Baby boomers have been retiring and have stopped saving; in fact, they are in their “decumulation” years, which reduces the supply of funds.”
This line of thought is flawed. Joe Lunchbox’s decumulation years are insignificant when measured against the excess holdings of the top decile of wealth holders. So much cash is piling up in the accounts of the wealthy that it will accept literally whatever the risk-free rate (plus some meagre amount, maybe) happens to be for a long time yet.
Stusclues, isn’t interest rate anticipation a somewhat dismal science, especially when you move from short-term to longer-term forecasts?
In the last 5 or so years we’ve had talk of inflation, deflation, rates going higher, rates going lower or even negative … I distinctly remember 2013 when I still used a broker and was warned against buying perpetuals because rates will go up. Over the years James has written about this as well, there’s a series of posts starting July 27, 2015 from a reader wondering if he or she should be buying perpetuals because of inflation expectations. Speaking for myself, I eventually took the approach in 2015 of simply allocating, with only modest variations, 50% to prefs and 50% to resets because I had little confidence in my ability to see through all the predictive noise.
In the end everything depends on which assumptions you make. As one example, Prof. A writes that “we may be reaching a peak in productivity growth as experienced baby boomers retire and are replaced by less experienced workers who will nevertheless be in high demand because of low population growth. These workers will demand higher wages. This means higher inflation down the road. “ I’m not so sure. His inflation conclusion may well be wrong if immigration replaces a good portion of the decline in the baby boomer work force, or if our economy grows only modestly or becomes less capital or labour intensive, or if union membership continues to decline, and so on.
That being said, I do watch the BOC’s inflation expectations and their management and comments of same. Rightly or wrongly I believe the embedding of relatively low inflation expectations by a central banks, at least for the next two years or so, tends to have a self-fulfilling tendency.
Dismal indeed. I agree Peet. There are lots of possible paths that depend on lots of assumptions. I just don’t like the decumulation argument in particular 🙂
Stusclues, to be clear, in no way did I intend to include your comments on the decumulation argument in the category of “dismal science “ 🙂
There may be “accounts that pile up cash”, but there may be also a movement away from “cash instruments (ie GIC/BONDS)” to equity investments given the rates are so low….
Two Examples:
One particular investment I see (but do not purchase) is the “Equity linked” GICs now actively advertised at Banks. They advertise this, so it must be working.
Also, there is literally NO advertising of fixed GIC/Term deposits of any kind at banks, so its either they have nothing to offer, or that “no one is even considering GIC/Term”. Alternatively, a lot of cash may be funneled to online banks.
I see interest rates remaining low out of necessity as much as anything else. I don’t see how the Feds could absorb anything much north of 2% with any hope of ever recovering financially from covid spending given our low rate of population and productivity growth. I think what we will see are various levels of Government (as we have in BC) legislating price controls on items closely tied to inflation (ie rent/housing, food costs, fuel, etc) to give the appearance of containment.