Malachite Aggressive Preferred Fund’s Net Asset Value per Unit as of the close May 31, 2023, was $7.7956.
Performance was affected by BN.PR.R underperforming at -6.32% [repeating the last two month’s underperformance, but worse]; as did TRP.PR.D (-6.05%). This was partially mitigated by good performance from MIC.PR.A (+1.93%) and SLF.PR.G (-0.76%) [small holdings are not considered for mention here].
There is still a pronounced ‘risk-off’ sentiment in the market, but I feel it is only a matter of time before investors start paying attention to the fundamental risk of these instruments compared to their eye-popping interest-equivalent yields. In addition, the market appears to be giving considerable weight to Current Yield as a measure of valuation, ignoring or strongly deprecating the potential for large dividend increases on the next few years of resets.
FixedResets continue to yield more, in general, than PerpetualDiscounts; on April 28, I reported median YTWs of 8.64% and 6.59%, respectively, for these two indices; compare with mean Current Yields of 6.05% and 6.43%, respectively. RY.PR.J, to take a representative example, is calculated by HIMIPref™ as having a yield-to-worst of 8.55% at monthend (Current Yield of 4.60%); priced at 17.40, resetting 2025-5-24 at a spread of 274bp over GOC-5 (assumed to be constant at 3.61%) and currently paying 0.80 p.a. (3.20% annually). The next pay-date is 2023-8-24; it is trading cum-dividend.
If we plug the above data into the yield calculator for resets (which is discussed here), we arrive at a quarterly annualized yield of 8.38% for RY.PR.J (this is quarterly compounded yield, not semi-annually as in HIMIPref™ there are also implementation differences). To take this down to 17bp below the PerpetualDiscount median index yield of 6.59% (to account for the calculation methodological differences), which is to say 6.42%, requires the assumption that GOC-5 will be 1.93% forever, as opposed the ‘constant rate’ assumption of 3.61%. Well … pays yer money and take yer chances, gents! Assiduous Readers with long memories will liken this to all the calculations of Break-even Rate Shock when the puzzle represented the same problem with a different sign! Note that even if the unfavourable scenario of GOC-5 = 1.93% is realized, this has only reduced the yield of RY.PR.J to that of the median PerpetualDiscount yield, which isn’t the worst outcome one might fear from one’s investments!
It is of interest to note that the Solactive Laddered Canadian Preferred Share Index (used as the basis for the BMO Laddered Preferred Share Index ETF (ZPR)) is now showing a negative total return for the ten years ending May 31, 2023. Now that’s what I call a bear market! It should come as no surprise that retail, egged on by boneheaded advisors, has decided that this proves it will produce negative returns forever!
| Returns to May 31, 2023 |
| Period |
MAPF |
TXPR*
Total Return |
CPD – according to Blackrock |
| One Month |
-3.90% |
-3.57% |
N/A |
| Three Months |
-7.65% |
-6.93% |
N/A |
| One Year |
-18.32% |
-14.86% |
-15.24% |
| Two Years (annualized) |
-8.95% |
-8.13% |
N/A |
| Three Years (annualized) |
+12.70% |
+6.30% |
+5.73% |
| Four Years (annualized) |
+4.30% |
+1.96% |
N/A |
| Five Years (annualized) |
-0.53% |
-0.53% |
-1.09% |
| Six Years (annualized) |
+2.06% |
+0.83% |
N/A |
| Seven Years (annualized) |
+4.73% |
+2.84% |
N/A |
| Eight Years (annualized) |
+1.94% |
+0.87% |
N/A |
| Nine Years (annualized) |
+1.53% |
+0.42% |
N/A |
| Ten Years (annualized) |
+1.63% |
+0.35% |
-0.12% |
| Eleven Years (annualized) |
+2.36% |
+0.82% |
|
| Twelve Years (annualized) |
+2.11% |
+1.02% |
|
| Thirteen Years (annualized) |
+3.85% |
+1.99% |
|
| Fourteen Years (annualized) |
+4.93% |
+2.43% |
|
| Fifteen Years (annualized) |
+6.27% |
+1.89% |
|
| Sixteen Years (annualized) |
+6.04% |
|
|
| Seventeen Years (annualized) |
+5.99% |
|
|
| Eighteen Years (annualized) |
+5.95% |
|
|
| Nineteen Years (annualized) |
+6.17% |
|
|
| Twenty Years (annualized) |
+6.88% |
|
|
| Twenty-One Years (annualized) |
+6.86% |
|
|
| Twenty-Two Years (annualized) |
+7.28% |
|
|
| MAPF returns assume reinvestment of distributions, and are shown after expenses but before fees. |
| The BMO Capital Markets “50” Preferred Share Index is no longer being calculated. The final performance report incorporating this venerable index was published as of December, 2020. |
| “TXPR” is the S&P/TSX Preferred Share Index. It is calculated without accounting for fees, but does assume reinvestment of dividends. |
| CPD Returns are for the NAV and are after all fees and expenses. Reinvestment of dividends is assumed. |
| Figures for National Bank Preferred Equity Income Fund (formerly Omega Preferred Equity) (which are after all fees and expenses) for 1-, 3- and 12-months are -4.16%, -7.33% and -16.14%, respectively, according to Globe & Mail / Fundata after all fees & expenses. Three year performance is +7.48%; five year is +0.30%; ten year is +1.22%.
Figures from Morningstar are no longer conveniently available. |
| Manulife Preferred Income Class Adv has been terminated by Manulife. The performance of this fund was last reported here in March, 2018. |
| Figures for Horizons Active Preferred Share ETF (HPR) (which are after all fees and expenses) for 1-, 3- and 12-months are -3.78%, -6.80% & -15.48%, respectively. Three year performance is +8.47%, five-year is -0.69%, ten year is +1.06% |
| Figures for National Bank Preferred Equity Fund (formerly Altamira Preferred Equity Fund) are -3.85%, -6.92% and -15.69% for one-, three- and twelve months, respectively. Three year performance is +8.40%; five-year is -0.60%; ten-year is +0.85%
Acccording to the fund’s fact sheet as of June 30, 2016, the fund’s inception date was October 30, 2015. I do not know how they justify this nonsensical statement, but will assume that prior performance is being suppressed in some perfectly legal manner that somebody at National considers ethical.
The last time Altamira Preferred Equity Fund’s performance was reported here was April, 2014; performance under the National Bank banner was first reported here May, 2014. |
| The figures for the NAV of BMO S&P/TSX Laddered Preferred Share Index ETF (ZPR) is -15.97% for the past twelve months. Two year performance is -8.20%, three year is +8.50%, five year is -0.63%, ten year is -0.59% |
| Figures for Fiera Canadian Preferred Share Class Cg Series F, (formerly Natixis Canadian Preferred Share Class Series F) (formerly NexGen Canadian Preferred Share Tax Managed Fund) are no longer available as the Fund is now the property of Canoe Financial. The last reported performance for the merged fund was May 2020. |
| Figures for BMO Preferred Share Fund (advisor series) according to BMO are -3.90%, -7.09% and -16.54% for the past one-, three- and twelve-months, respectively. Two year performance is -10.12%; three year is +4.92%; five-year is -2.97%. |
| Figures for PowerShares Canadian Preferred Share Index Class, Series F (PPS) are no longer available since the fund has been terminated. Performance was last reported for the fund to month-end, March 2023 |
| Figures for the First Asset Preferred Share Investment Trust (PSF.UN) are no longer available since the fund has merged with First Asset Preferred Share ETF (FPR).
Performance for the fund was last reported here in September, 2016; the first report of unavailability was in October, 2016. |
| Figures for Lysander-Slater Preferred Share Dividend Fund (Class F) according to the company are -2.5%, -5.9% and -14.2% for the past one, three and twelve months, respectively. Three year performance is +9.5%, five-year is -1.1%. |
| Figures for the Desjardins Canadian Preferred Share Fund A Class (A Class), as reported by the company are -3.54%, -6.64% and -14.92% for the past one, three and twelve months, respectively. Two year performance is -8.84%, three-year is +5.38%, five-year is -1.92% |
| Figures for the RBC Canadian Preferred Share ETF (RPF) are reported by Morningstar as -3.92%, -8.75% and -17.42% for the past one, three and twelve months, respectively. Three-year performance is +7.86%, five-year is -1.41% |
| Figures for the Dynamic Active Preferred Shares ETF (DXP) are -3.7%, -6.4% and -11.8% for the past one, three and twelve months, respectively. Three-year performance is +11.1%; five-year is +1.0% |
| Figures for the Purpose Canadian Preferred Share Fund (Class F) are -3.68%, -8.55% and -18.51% for the past one, three and twelve months, respectively. Three-year performance is +10.96%; five-year is -1.17%; seven-year is +2.45%; ten-year is +4.12%. |
The five-year Canada yield increased, with the five-year Canada yield (“GOC-5”) rising from 3.12% at April month-end to 3.61% at May month-end.
The Seniority Spread (between long-term corporate bonds and interest-equivalent PerpetualDiscounts) was 345bp as of 2023-5-31 (chart end-date 2023-5-12) :
The situation with FixedResets is interesting, with the spread between GOC-5 and the interest-adjusted FixedReset (Discount) rate widening significantly from its 2021-11-10 low of 344bp to its current level of 779bp (as of 2023-5-31) … (chart end-date 2023-5-12):
…while at the same time the interest-equivalent spread between FixedReset (Discounts) and PerpetualDiscounts has narrowed to -267bp (as of 2023-5-31) from its 2021-7-28 level of +170bp (chart end-date 2023-5-12):
There is no significant correlation between the Issue Reset Spread and 1-month performance for discounted FixedResets for either the Pfd-2 or Pfd-3 Group issues, which is normal because there is a lot of noise in this inefficient market.
However, the normally moderate correlations between Issue Reset Spread and three-month performance have disappeared again in this month’s check:
There were no significant correlations for either the Pfd-2 Group or the Pfd-3 Group for 1-Month performance against term-to-reset, although there seems to be some mitigating effect of a less than one-year term to reset against the overall poor performance:
… and for three-month performance against term-to-reset, there were again no correlations for either the Pfd-2 Group or the Pfd-3 Group:
It should be noted that to some extent such a dependence (of performance on term-to-reset) can be justified as the nearer-term issues will receive the benefit of higher projected dividend rates sooner as a result of higher GOC-5 yields and therefore, perhaps, for longer. Equations for the relationship between correlation slope and change in GOC-5 were derived in the August PrefLetter.
I keep talking about ‘Sustainable Income’ and nowadays it’s far higher than the dividends that are currently being distributed. This is because Sustainable Income is the average yield-to-worst (YTW) of the portfolio when the YTW is calculated to perpetuity (or to redemption, of course, if the yield to redemption is lower), including resets at the current GOC-5 rate. The sharp increase in GOC-5 in the past year has caused the difference between YTW and Current Yield to skyrocket, but one way or another I expect that these two values will become much closer – slowly at first, but quickening in about two years. We have to wait for the reset date of the MAPF portfolio securities before we see a change in actual cash receipts – and, of course, there is no guarantee whatsoever that the rate used for estimation purposes now will be used for the actual calculation in the future (chart prepared as of 2023-05-12).
| Calculation of MAPF Sustainable Income Per Unit |
| Month |
NAVPU |
Portfolio
Average
YTW |
Leverage
Divisor |
Securities
Average
YTW |
Capital
Gains
Multiplier |
Sustainable
Income
per
current
Unit |
| June, 2007 |
9.3114 |
5.16% |
1.03 |
5.01% |
1.3240 |
0.3524 |
| September |
9.1489 |
5.35% |
0.98 |
5.46% |
1.3240 |
0.3773 |
| December, 2007 |
9.0070 |
5.53% |
0.942 |
5.87% |
1.3240 |
0.3993 |
| March, 2008 |
8.8512 |
6.17% |
1.047 |
5.89% |
1.3240 |
0.3938 |
| June |
8.3419 |
6.034% |
0.952 |
6.338% |
1.3240 |
$0.3993 |
| September |
8.1886 |
7.108% |
0.969 |
7.335% |
1.3240 |
$0.4537 |
| December, 2008 |
8.0464 |
9.24% |
1.008 |
9.166% |
1.3240 |
$0.5571 |
| March 2009 |
$8.8317 |
8.60% |
0.995 |
8.802% |
1.3240 |
$0.5872 |
| June |
10.9846 |
7.05% |
0.999 |
7.057% |
1.3240 |
$0.5855 |
| September |
12.3462 |
6.03% |
0.998 |
6.042% |
1.3240 |
$0.5634 |
| December 2009 |
10.5662 |
5.74% |
0.981 |
5.851% |
1.1141 |
$0.5549 |
| March 2010 |
10.2497 |
6.03% |
0.992 |
6.079% |
1.1141 |
$0.5593 |
| June |
10.5770 |
5.96% |
0.996 |
5.984% |
1.1141 |
$0.5681 |
| September |
11.3901 |
5.43% |
0.980 |
5.540% |
1.1141 |
$0.5664 |
| December 2010 |
10.7659 |
5.37% |
0.993 |
5.408% |
1.0298 |
$0.5654 |
| March, 2011 |
11.0560 |
6.00% |
0.994 |
5.964% |
1.0298 |
$0.6403 |
| June |
11.1194 |
5.87% |
1.018 |
5.976% |
1.0298 |
$0.6453 |
| September |
10.2709 |
6.10%
Note |
1.001 |
6.106% |
1.0298 |
$0.6090 |
| December, 2011 |
10.0793 |
5.63%
Note |
1.031 |
5.805% |
1.0000 |
$0.5851 |
| March, 2012 |
10.3944 |
5.13%
Note |
0.996 |
5.109% |
1.0000 |
$0.5310 |
| June |
10.2151 |
5.32%
Note |
1.012 |
5.384% |
1.0000 |
$0.5500 |
| September |
10.6703 |
4.61%
Note |
0.997 |
4.624% |
1.0000 |
$0.4934 |
| December, 2012 |
10.8307 |
4.24% |
0.989 |
4.287% |
1.0000 |
$0.4643 |
| March, 2013 |
10.9033 |
3.87% |
0.996 |
3.886% |
1.0000 |
$0.4237 |
| June |
10.3261 |
4.81% |
0.998 |
4.80% |
1.0000 |
$0.4957 |
| September |
10.0296 |
5.62% |
0.996 |
5.643% |
1.0000 |
$0.5660 |
| December, 2013 |
9.8717 |
6.02% |
1.008 |
5.972% |
1.0000 |
$0.5895 |
| March, 2014 |
10.2233 |
5.55% |
0.998 |
5.561% |
1.0000 |
$0.5685 |
| June |
10.5877 |
5.09% |
0.998 |
5.100% |
1.0000 |
$0.5395 |
| September |
10.4601 |
5.28% |
0.997 |
5.296% |
1.0000 |
$0.5540 |
| December, 2014 |
10.5701 |
4.83% |
1.009 |
4.787% |
1.0000 |
$0.5060 |
| March, 2015 |
9.9573 |
4.99% |
1.001 |
4.985% |
1.0000 |
$0.4964 |
| June, 2015 |
9.4181 |
5.55% |
1.002 |
5.539% |
1.0000 |
$0.5217 |
| September |
7.8140 |
6.98% |
0.999 |
6.987% |
1.0000 |
$0.5460 |
| December, 2015 |
8.1379 |
6.85% |
0.997 |
6.871% |
1.0000 |
$0.5592 |
| March, 2016 |
7.4416 |
7.79% |
0.998 |
7.805% |
1.0000 |
$0.5808 |
| June |
7.6704 |
7.67% |
1.011 |
7.587% |
1.0000 |
$0.5819 |
| September |
8.0590 |
7.35% |
0.993 |
7.402% |
1.0000 |
$0.5965 |
| December, 2016 |
8.5844 |
7.24% |
0.990 |
7.313% |
1.0000 |
$0.6278 |
| March, 2017 |
9.3984 |
6.26% |
0.994 |
6.298% |
1.0000 |
$0.5919 |
| June |
9.5313 |
6.41% |
0.998 |
6.423% |
1.0000 |
$0.6122 |
| September |
9.7129 |
6.56% |
0.998 |
6.573% |
1.0000 |
$0.6384 |
| December, 2017 |
10.0566 |
6.06% |
1.004 |
6.036% |
1.0000 |
$0.6070 |
| March, 2018 |
10.2701 |
6.22% |
1.007 |
6.177% |
1.0000 |
$0.6344 |
| June |
10.2518 |
6.22% |
0.995 |
6.251% |
1.0000 |
$0.6408 |
| September |
10.2965 |
6.62% |
1.018 |
6.503% |
1.0000 |
$0.6696 |
| December, 2018 |
8.6875 |
7.16% |
0.997 |
7.182% |
1.0000 |
$0.6240 |
| March, 2019 |
8.4778 |
7.09% |
1.007 |
7.041% |
1.0000 |
$0.5969 |
| June |
8.0896 |
7.33% |
0.996 |
7.359% |
1.0000 |
$0.5953 |
| September |
7.7948 |
7.96% |
0.998 |
7.976% |
1.0000 |
$0.6217 |
| December, 2019 |
8.0900 |
6.03% |
0.995 |
6.060% |
1.0000 |
$0.4903 |
| March |
5.5596 |
7.04% |
1.006 |
6.998% |
1.0000 |
$0.3891 |
| June |
6.3568 |
6.10% |
0.9900 |
6.162% |
1.0000 |
$0.3917 |
| September |
7.2852 |
5.32% |
1.00 |
5.320% |
1.0000 |
$0.3876 |
| December, 2020 |
8.3947 |
4.46% |
0.999 |
4.464% |
1.0000 |
$0.3747 |
| March, 2021 |
9.6473 |
4.48% |
0.996 |
4.498% |
1.0000 |
$0.4339 |
| June |
10.3712 |
3.92% |
0.985 |
3.980% |
1.0000 |
$0.4127 |
| September |
10.7572 |
4.08% |
1.017 |
4.012% |
1.0000 |
$0.4316 |
| December, 2021 |
10.7432 |
4.31% |
0.999 |
4.314% |
1.0000 |
$0.4635 |
| March, 2022 |
10.5040 |
5.53% |
1.004 |
5.508% |
1.0000 |
$0.5786 |
| June |
9.3115 |
7.04% |
0.993 |
7.090% |
1.0000 |
$0.6672 |
| September |
8.4093 |
8.10% |
0.997 |
8.124% |
1.0000 |
$0.6916 |
| December, 2022 |
7.9921 |
8.47% |
0.996 |
8.504% |
1.0000 |
$0.6796 |
| March |
8.0788 |
7.90% |
0.997 |
7.924% |
1.0000 |
$0.6401 |
| May, 2023 |
7.7956 |
9.24% |
0.994 |
9.296% |
1.0000 |
$0.7247 |
NAVPU is shown after quarterly distributions of dividend income and annual distribution of capital gains.
Portfolio YTW includes cash (or margin borrowing), with an assumed interest rate of 0.00%
The Leverage Divisor indicates the level of cash in the account: if the portfolio is 1% in cash, the Leverage Divisor will be 0.99
Securities YTW divides “Portfolio YTW” by the “Leverage Divisor” to show the average YTW on the securities held; this assumes that the cash is invested in (or raised from) all securities held, in proportion to their holdings.
The Capital Gains Multiplier adjusts for the effects of Capital Gains Dividends. On 2009-12-31, there was a capital gains distribution of $1.989262 which is assumed for this purpose to have been reinvested at the final price of $10.5662. Thus, a holder of one unit pre-distribution would have held 1.1883 units post-distribution; the CG Multiplier reflects this to make the time-series comparable. Note that Dividend Distributions are not assumed to be reinvested.
Sustainable Income is the resultant estimate of the fund’s dividend income per current unit, before fees and expenses. Note that a “current unit” includes reinvestment of prior capital gains; a unitholder would have had the calculated sustainable income with only, say, 0.9 units in the past which, with reinvestment of capital gains, would become 1.0 current units. |
| DeemedRetractibles are comprised of all Straight Perpetuals (both PerpetualDiscount and PerpetualPremium) issued by BMO, BNS, CM, ELF, GWO, HSB, IAG, MFC, NA, RY, SLF and TD, which are not exchangable into common at the option of the company or the regulator (definition refined in May, 2011). These issues are analyzed as if their prospectuses included a requirement to redeem at par on or prior to 2022-1-31 (banks) or the Deemed Maturity date for insurers and insurance holding companies (see below)), in addition to the call schedule explicitly defined. See the Deemed Retractible Review: September 2016 for the rationale behind this analysis.
The same reasoning is also applied to FixedResets from these issuers, other than explicitly defined NVCC from banks.
In November, 2019, the assumption of DeemedRetraction for insurance issues was cancelled in the wake of the IAIS decision included in ICS 2.0. This resulted in a large drop in the yield calculated for these issues |
| The Deemed Maturity date for insurers was set at 2022-1-31 at the commencement of the process in February, 2011. It was extended to 2025-1-31 in April, 2013 and to 2030-1-31 in December, 2018. In November, 2019, the assumption of DeemedRetraction was cancelled in the wake of the IAIS decision included in ICS 2.0. |
| Yields for September, 2011, to January, 2012, were calculated by imposing a cap of 10% on the yields of YLO issues held, in order to avoid their extremely high calculated yields distorting the calculation and to reflect the uncertainty in the marketplace that these yields will be realized. From February to September 2012, yields on these issues have been set to zero. All YLO issues held were sold in October 2012. |
These calculations were performed assuming constant contemporary GOC-5 and 3-Month Bill rates, as follows:
| Canada Yields Assumed in Calculations |
| Month-end |
GOC-5 |
3-Month Bill |
| September, 2015 |
0.78% |
0.40% |
| December, 2015 |
0.71% |
0.46% |
| March, 2016 |
0.70% |
0.44% |
| June |
0.57% |
0.47% |
| September |
0.58% |
0.53% |
| December, 2016 |
1.16% |
0.47% |
| March, 2017 |
1.08% |
0.55% |
| June |
1.35% |
0.69% |
| September |
1.79% |
0.97% |
| December, 2017 |
1.83% |
1.00% |
| March, 2018 |
2.06% |
1.08% |
| June |
1.95% |
1.22% |
| September |
2.33% |
1.55% |
| December, 2018 |
1.88% |
1.65% |
| March, 2019 |
1.46% |
1.66% |
| June |
1.34% |
1.66% |
| September |
1.41% |
1.66% |
| December, 2019 |
1.68% |
1.68% |
| March, 2020 |
0.57% |
0.21% |
| June |
0.37% |
0.21% |
| September |
0.35% |
0.14% |
| December, 2020 |
0.42% |
0.08% |
| March, 2021 |
0.94% |
0.09% |
| June |
0.93% |
0.13% |
| September |
1.07% |
0.13% |
| December, 2021 |
1.31% |
0.16% |
| March, 2022 |
2.44% |
0.53% |
| June |
3.24% |
2.11% |
| September |
3.45% |
3.60% |
| December, 2022 |
3.37% |
4.35% |
| March |
2.93% |
4.44% |
| May, 2023 |
3.61% |
4.73% |
