Malachite Aggressive Preferred Fund’s Net Asset Value per Unit as of the close August 31, 2017, was $9.7021.
| Returns to August 31, 2017 |
| Period |
MAPF |
BMO-CM “50” Preferred Share Index |
TXPR*
Total Return |
CPD – according to Blackrock |
| One Month |
-0.24% |
-1.10% |
-0.74% |
N/A |
| Three Months |
+6.48% |
+4.06% |
+3.21% |
N/A |
| One Year |
+24.73% |
+17.26% |
+14.78% |
+14.42% |
| Two Years (annualized) |
+12.41% |
+9.80% |
+8.52% |
N/A |
| Three Years (annualized) |
+1.90% |
+0.91% |
-0.14% |
-0.50% |
| Four Years (annualized) |
+4.18% |
+2.04% |
+1.52% |
N/A |
| Five Years (annualized) |
+3.12% |
+1.70% |
+1.01% |
+0.60% |
| Six Years (annualized) |
+3.31% |
+2.36% |
+1.70% |
N/A |
| Seven Years (annualized) |
+4.87% |
+3.54% |
+2.64% |
N/A |
| Eight Years (annualized) |
+5.43% |
+3.87% |
+3.05% |
N/A |
| Nine Years (annualized) |
+10.32% |
+4.37% |
+3.43% |
N/A |
| Ten Years (annualized) |
+9.10% |
+3.34% |
+2.40% |
+1.87% |
| Eleven Years (annualized) |
+8.57% |
+3.07% |
|
|
| Twelve Years (annualized) |
+8.34% |
+3.12% |
|
|
| Thirteen Years (annualized) |
+8.20% |
+3.26% |
|
|
| Fourteen Years (annualized) |
+8.88% |
+3.45% |
|
|
| Fifteen Years (annualized) |
+9.49% |
+3.64% |
|
|
| Sixteen Years (annualized) |
+9.34% |
+3.62% |
|
|
| MAPF returns assume reinvestment of distributions, and are shown after expenses but before fees. |
| The full name of the BMO-CM “50” index is the BMO Capital Markets “50” Preferred Share Index. It is calculated without accounting for fees. |
| “TXPR” is the S&P/TSX Preferred Share Index. It is calculated without accounting for fees. |
| CPD Returns are for the NAV and are after all fees and expenses. |
| Figures for National Bank Preferred Equity Income Fund (formerly Omega Preferred Equity) (which are after all fees and expenses) for 1-, 3- and 12-months are -0.75%, +2.68% and +13.41%, respectively, according to Morningstar after all fees & expenses. Three year performance is +1.14%; five year is +2.00% |
| Figures for Manulife Preferred Income Class Adv [into which was merged Manulife Preferred Income Fund (formerly AIC Preferred Income Fund)] (which are after all fees and expenses) for 1-, 3- and 12-months are -1.06%, +3.87% & +17.40%, respectively.
It will be noted that AIC Preferred Income Fund was in existence prior to August, 2009, but long term performance figures have been suppressed. |
| Figures for Horizons Active Preferred Share ETF (HPR) (which are after all fees and expenses) for 1-, 3- and 12-months are -1.03%, +3.62% & +16.44%, respectively. Three year performance is +1.78%, five-year is +2.44% |
| Figures for National Bank Preferred Equity Fund (formerly Altamira Preferred Equity Fund) are -1.05%, +3.43% and +15.94% for one-, three- and twelve months, respectively. Three year performance is +0.74%.
According to the fund’s fact sheet as of June 30, 2016, the fund’s inception date was October 30, 2015. I do not know how they justify this nonsensical statement, but will assume that prior performance is being suppressed in some perfectly legal manner that somebody at National considers ethical. |
| The figures for the NAV of BMO S&P/TSX Laddered Preferred Share Index ETF (ZPR) is +19.00% for the past twelve months. Two year performance is +8.84%, three year is -2.64%. |
| Figures for NexGen Canadian Preferred Share Tax Managed Fund (Dividend Tax Credit Class, the best performing) are -%, +% and -% for one-, three- and twelve-months, respectively. |
| Figures for BMO Preferred Share Fund are +% and +% for the past three- and twelve-months, respectively. Three year performance is -%. |
| Figures for PowerShares Canadian Preferred Share Index Class, Series F are +18.77% for the past twelve months. The three-year figure is +1.17%; five years is +1.06% |
| Figures for the First Asset Preferred Share Investment Trust (PSF.UN) are no longer available since the fund has merged with First Asset Preferred Share ETF (FPR) |
MAPF returns assume reinvestment of dividends, and are shown after expenses but before fees. Past performance is not a guarantee of future performance. You can lose money investing in Malachite Aggressive Preferred Fund or any other fund. For more information, see the fund’s main page. The fund is available either directly from Hymas Investment Management or through a brokerage account at Odlum Brown Limited.
Obviously, the last twelve months have been superb for both preferred shares in general and the fund in particular, but I think that there is still room for outsized gains. The Seniority Spread (the interest-equivalent yield on reasonably liquid, investment-grade PerpetualDiscounts less the yield on long term corporate bonds) is still quite elevated (chart end-date 2017-8-11):
Click for Big… and the relationship between five-year Canada yields and yields on investment-grade FixedResets is also well within what I consider ‘decoupled panic’ territory (chart end-date 2017-8-11):
Click for BigIn addition, I feel that the yield on five-year Canadas is unsustainably low (it should be the inflation rate plus an increment of … 1%? 1.5%? 2.0%?),and a return to sustainable levels is likely over the medium term.
FixedReset performance lost a little ground relative to that of PerpetualDiscounts in August, but have strongly outperformed over the past three months:
Click for BigOf course, it’s one thing to say that ‘spreads are unsustainable and so are government yields’ and it’s quite another to forecast just how and when a more economically sustainable environment will take effect. It could be years. There could be a reversal, particularly if Trump’s international trade policies cause a severe recession or even a depression. And, of course, I could be just plain wrong about the sustainability of the current environment. However, the increasingly hawkish tilt among global central banks has been widely remarked:
Two weeks of rhetoric from policy makers in Europe and North America has rewritten the outlook for markets, with the Bank of England and the Bank of Canada now seen as more likely than not to join the Federal Reserve in raising rates before the year is out, based on overnight index swap rates. Even the possibility of a European Central Bank hike, once seen as all but impossible, is slowly growing.
The prospect of four of the world’s five largest central banks moving to tighten policy at the same time is shocking traders after years of easing, with the dislocations in money markets also rippling through global bonds.
Recent economic performance in Canada has led to speculation regarding a BoC policy hike in September:
The loonie soared after Canada’s economy accelerated more than forecast in the second quarter, boosting bets the central bank will increase rates for the second time this year — possibly as early as next week.
The Canadian dollar rose 1.1 percent to C$1.2483 per U.S. dollar at 4:09 p.m. in Toronto, reversing earlier losses to be the top gainer among its Group-of-10 peers on Thursday. Yields on the country’s federal government bonds advanced as the likelihood of an interest-rate increase this year edged up to 79 percent, according to overnight index swaps data compiled by Bloomberg. Investors see a 40 percent chance of a hike on Sept. 6, and 70 percent in October.
I think that a broad, sustainable rally in FixedResets will require higher five-year Canada yields (or a widespread expectation of them) … and although I’m sure this will happen eventually, it would be foolish to speculate on just when it will happen!
| Calculation of MAPF Sustainable Income Per Unit |
| Month |
NAVPU |
Portfolio
Average
YTW |
Leverage
Divisor |
Securities
Average
YTW |
Capital
Gains
Multiplier |
Sustainable
Income
per
current
Unit |
| June, 2007 |
9.3114 |
5.16% |
1.03 |
5.01% |
1.3240 |
0.3524 |
| September |
9.1489 |
5.35% |
0.98 |
5.46% |
1.3240 |
0.3773 |
| December, 2007 |
9.0070 |
5.53% |
0.942 |
5.87% |
1.3240 |
0.3993 |
| March, 2008 |
8.8512 |
6.17% |
1.047 |
5.89% |
1.3240 |
0.3938 |
| June |
8.3419 |
6.034% |
0.952 |
6.338% |
1.3240 |
$0.3993 |
| September |
8.1886 |
7.108% |
0.969 |
7.335% |
1.3240 |
$0.4537 |
| December, 2008 |
8.0464 |
9.24% |
1.008 |
9.166% |
1.3240 |
$0.5571 |
| March 2009 |
$8.8317 |
8.60% |
0.995 |
8.802% |
1.3240 |
$0.5872 |
| June |
10.9846 |
7.05% |
0.999 |
7.057% |
1.3240 |
$0.5855 |
| September |
12.3462 |
6.03% |
0.998 |
6.042% |
1.3240 |
$0.5634 |
| December 2009 |
10.5662 |
5.74% |
0.981 |
5.851% |
1.1141 |
$0.5549 |
| March 2010 |
10.2497 |
6.03% |
0.992 |
6.079% |
1.1141 |
$0.5593 |
| June |
10.5770 |
5.96% |
0.996 |
5.984% |
1.1141 |
$0.5681 |
| September |
11.3901 |
5.43% |
0.980 |
5.540% |
1.1141 |
$0.5664 |
| December 2010 |
10.7659 |
5.37% |
0.993 |
5.408% |
1.0298 |
$0.5654 |
| March, 2011 |
11.0560 |
6.00% |
0.994 |
5.964% |
1.0298 |
$0.6403 |
| June |
11.1194 |
5.87% |
1.018 |
5.976% |
1.0298 |
$0.6453 |
| September |
10.2709 |
6.10%
Note |
1.001 |
6.106% |
1.0298 |
$0.6090 |
| December, 2011 |
10.0793 |
5.63%
Note |
1.031 |
5.805% |
1.0000 |
$0.5851 |
| March, 2012 |
10.3944 |
5.13%
Note |
0.996 |
5.109% |
1.0000 |
$0.5310 |
| June |
10.2151 |
5.32%
Note |
1.012 |
5.384% |
1.0000 |
$0.5500 |
| September |
10.6703 |
4.61%
Note |
0.997 |
4.624% |
1.0000 |
$0.4934 |
| December, 2012 |
10.8307 |
4.24% |
0.989 |
4.287% |
1.0000 |
$0.4643 |
| March, 2013 |
10.9033 |
3.87% |
0.996 |
3.886% |
1.0000 |
$0.4237 |
| June |
10.3261 |
4.81% |
0.998 |
4.80% |
1.0000 |
$0.4957 |
| September |
10.0296 |
5.62% |
0.996 |
5.643% |
1.0000 |
$0.5660 |
| December, 2013 |
9.8717 |
6.02% |
1.008 |
5.972% |
1.0000 |
$0.5895 |
| March, 2014 |
10.2233 |
5.55% |
0.998 |
5.561% |
1.0000 |
$0.5685 |
| June |
10.5877 |
5.09% |
0.998 |
5.100% |
1.0000 |
$0.5395 |
| September |
10.4601 |
5.28% |
0.997 |
5.296% |
1.0000 |
$0.5540 |
| December, 2014 |
10.5701 |
4.83% |
1.009 |
4.787% |
1.0000 |
$0.5060 |
| March, 2015 |
9.9573 |
4.99% |
1.001 |
4.985% |
1.0000 |
$0.4964 |
| June, 2015 |
9.4181 |
5.55% |
1.002 |
5.539% |
1.0000 |
$0.5217 |
| September, 2015 |
7.8140 |
6.98% |
0.999 |
6.987% |
1.0000 |
$0.5460 |
| December, 2015 |
8.1379 |
6.85% |
0.997 |
6.871% |
1.0000 |
$0.5592 |
| March, 2016 |
7.4416 |
7.79% |
0.998 |
7.805% |
1.0000 |
$0.5808 |
| June |
7.6704 |
7.67% |
1.011 |
7.587% |
1.0000 |
$0.5819 |
| September |
8.0590 |
7.35% |
0.993 |
7.402% |
1.0000 |
$0.5965 |
| December, 2016 |
8.5844 |
7.24% |
0.990 |
7.313% |
1.0000 |
$0.6278 |
| March, 2017 |
9.3984 |
6.26% |
0.994 |
6.298% |
1.0000 |
$0.5919 |
| June |
9.5313 |
6.41% |
0.998 |
6.423% |
1.0000 |
$0.6122 |
| August, 2017 |
9.7021 |
6.45% |
0.998 |
6.463% |
1.0000 |
$0.6270 |
NAVPU is shown after quarterly distributions of dividend income and annual distribution of capital gains.
Portfolio YTW includes cash (or margin borrowing), with an assumed interest rate of 0.00%
The Leverage Divisor indicates the level of cash in the account: if the portfolio is 1% in cash, the Leverage Divisor will be 0.99
Securities YTW divides “Portfolio YTW” by the “Leverage Divisor” to show the average YTW on the securities held; this assumes that the cash is invested in (or raised from) all securities held, in proportion to their holdings.
The Capital Gains Multiplier adjusts for the effects of Capital Gains Dividends. On 2009-12-31, there was a capital gains distribution of $1.989262 which is assumed for this purpose to have been reinvested at the final price of $10.5662. Thus, a holder of one unit pre-distribution would have held 1.1883 units post-distribution; the CG Multiplier reflects this to make the time-series comparable. Note that Dividend Distributions are not assumed to be reinvested.
Sustainable Income is the resultant estimate of the fund’s dividend income per current unit, before fees and expenses. Note that a “current unit” includes reinvestment of prior capital gains; a unitholder would have had the calculated sustainable income with only, say, 0.9 units in the past which, with reinvestment of capital gains, would become 1.0 current units. |
| DeemedRetractibles are comprised of all Straight Perpetuals (both PerpetualDiscount and PerpetualPremium) issued by BMO, BNS, CM, ELF, GWO, HSB, IAG, MFC, NA, RY, SLF and TD, which are not exchangable into common at the option of the company (definition refined in May, 2011). These issues are analyzed as if their prospectuses included a requirement to redeem at par on or prior to 2022-1-31 (banks) or 2025-1-31 (insurers and insurance holding companies), in addition to the call schedule explicitly defined. See OSFI Does Not Grandfather Extant Tier 1 Capital, CM.PR.D, CM.PR.E, CM.PR.G: Seeking NVCC Status and the January, February, March and June, 2011, editions of PrefLetter for the rationale behind this analysis.
The same reasoning is also applied to FixedResets from these issuers, other than explicitly defined NVCC from banks. |
| Yields for September, 2011, to January, 2012, were calculated by imposing a cap of 10% on the yields of YLO issues held, in order to avoid their extremely high calculated yields distorting the calculation and to reflect the uncertainty in the marketplace that these yields will be realized. From February to September 2012, yields on these issues have been set to zero. All YLO issues held were sold in October 2012. |
These calculations were performed assuming constant contemporary GOC-5 and 3-Month Bill rates, as follows:
| Canada Yields Assumed in Calculations |
| Month-end |
GOC-5 |
3-Month Bill |
| September, 2015 |
0.78% |
0.40% |
| December, 2015 |
0.71% |
0.46% |
| March, 2016 |
0.70% |
0.44% |
| June |
0.57% |
0.47% |
| September |
0.58% |
0.53% |
| December, 2016 |
1.16% |
0.47% |
| March, 2017 |
1.08% |
0.55% |
| June |
1.35% |
0.69% |
| August, 2017 |
1.53% |
0.70% |
Significant positions were held in NVCC non-compliant regulated FixedReset issues on August 31, 2017; all of these currently have their yields calculated with the presumption that they will be called by the issuers at par prior to 2022-1-31 (banks) or 2025-1-31 (insurers and insurance holding companies) or on a different date (SplitShares) This presents another complication in the calculation of sustainable yield, which also assumes that redemption proceeds will be reinvested at the same rate. It will also be noted that my analysis of likely insurance industry regulation as recently updated is not given much weight by the market.
I will also note that the sustainable yield calculated above is not directly comparable with any yield calculation currently reported by any other preferred share fund as far as I am aware. The Sustainable Yield depends on:
i) Calculating Yield-to-Worst for each instrument and using this yield for reporting purposes;
ii) Using the contemporary value of Five-Year Canadas to estimate dividends after reset for FixedResets. The assumption regarding the five-year Canada rate has become more important as the proportion of low-spread FixedResets in the portfolio has increased.
iii) Making the assumption that deeply discounted NVCC non-compliant issues from both banks and insurers, both Straight and FixedResets will be redeemed at par on their DeemedMaturity date as discussed above.
