Market Action

July 27, 2007

The week ended with another thumping for US Equities and Canadian stocks went along for the ride, notably

BCE Inc., target of the largest buyout, retreated after Citi Investment Research cut its recommendation, citing growing risks to its financing.

One analyst puts the odds of a Telus bid at 25% or less, but the long term track record of this analyst was not disclosed.

Some say that a turning point in capital markets has definitely been reached but there is some doubt that Wall Street’s problems will reach Main Street. The US economy has, apparently, been growing at a fair clip but the nattering nabobs of negativism have their own interpretation of the underlying trends. All the uncertainty meant that Treasuries did superbly, while Canadas followed … mostly. Even New York City, almost bankrupt in 1975, was able to get in on the action and scoop up some financing that ain’t going into corporates no more.  

And … I must apologize … the tables and commentary that have something of direct relevance to actual preferred shares will have to wait. HIMIPref™ has been updated, but I have dinner scheduled with a dear friend, whom I intend to regale with stories about how I don’t own any junk bonds.

I will update everything tomorrow!

Update, 2007-07-29: OK, maybe it wasn’t the very next day. But it was a most enjoyable dinner! In the meantime, the National Post has reported that:

“We have our financing,” Claude Lamoureax, president and CEO of Teachers’ said yesterday. “Clearly right now, the spreads have widened but that’s why you pay the bank huge fees to take the risks.”

As Mr. Lamoureax said, in leveraged buyouts the banks “take the risks” and right now the investment banks are temporarily swallowing the billions of dollars worth of debt deals for Chrysler and Alliance.

As for whether Teachers’ bankers should be worried, Mr. Lamoureux said there are no worries with its bankers or anyone else.

“Right now, we have our financing in place. No trouble,” he said.

Either he refused to say just exactly how the financing was in place, or the reporter didn’t ask. The story doesn’t go any further than the above bland assurance.

I’ve thought the issue in the context of what a massive break-fee-loss would mean to Teachers, and come to the conclusion that I don’t know enough about the issue. It would seem to me reasonable that there might be provisions regarding financing in the consortium agreement, to the effect that, if the deal fails on financing, the loss would be borne by Teachers financial partners, Providence Equity Partners Inc. and Madison Dearborn Partners, LLC. After all, they’re the financial muscle for the deal! It may be that such a provision is why Mr. Lamoureux is so sanguine … but we will just have to sit back and wait and see! In the meantime, I highly doubt that I’ll be throwing chips down on that table!

Note that these indices are experimental; the absolute and relative daily values are expected to change in the final version. In this version, index values are based at 1,000.0 on 2006-6-30
Index Mean Current Yield (at bid) Mean YTW Mean Average Trading Value Mean Mod Dur (YTW) Issues Day’s Perf. Index Value
Ratchet 4.97% 4.96% 25,112 15.57 2 +0.0998% 1,039.6
Fixed-Floater 4.96% 5.15% 136,351 15.31 8 +0.1813% 1,019.7
Floater 4.86% 1.37% 78,819 8.47 4 +0.0808% 1,048.3
Op. Retract 4.83% 3.96% 85,443 3.25 16 -0.0019% 1,021.5
Split-Share 5.06% 4.57% 105,261 3.89 17 -0.0706% 1,046.3
Interest Bearing 6.26% 6.74% 64,084 4.66 3 -0.8786% 1,028.9
Perpetual-Premium 5.53% 5.19% 115,290 5.41 26 -0.0536% 1,023.0
Perpetual-Discount 5.09% 5.12% 338,800 15.32 38 -0.0002% 972.9
Major Price Changes
Issue Index Change Notes
BSD.PR.A InterestBearing -1.9792% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 7.19% (as interest) based on a bid of 9.41 and a hardMaturity 2015-3-31 at 10.00. Y’know, when I think about all the stuff most people put in their RRSPs, this doesn’t look too bad!
BCE.PR.Z FixedFloater +1.0179%  
MFC.PR.C PerpetualDiscount +1.5277% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.89% based on a bid of 23.26 and a limitMaturity.
Volume Highlights
Issue Index Volume Notes
IGM.PR.A OpRet 53,344 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.06% based on a bid of 26.85 and a call 2009-7-30 at 26.00.
BNS.PR.L PerpetualDiscount 42,790 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.99% based on a bid of 22.66 and a limitMaturity.
W.PR.J PerpetualPremium 41,100 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.63% based on a bid of 25.01 and a limitMaturity. Not bad! Rated Pfd-2(low) by DBRS and P-2(low) by S&P. Currently redeemable at 25.25 … redeemable at 25.00 commencing 2008-07-15.
RY.PR.F PerpetualDiscount 39,500 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.00% based on a bid of 22.25 and a limitMaturity.
BCE.PR.A FixedFloater 23,500  

There were nine other $25-equivalent index-included issues trading over 10,000 shares today.

HIMI Preferred Indices

HIMIPref™ Preferred Indices : April, 1999

All indices were assigned a value of 1000.0 as of December 31, 1993.

HIMI Index Values 1999-04-30
Index Closing Value (Total Return) Issues Mean Credit Quality Median YTW Median DTW Median Daily Trading Mean Current Yield
Ratchet 1,501.2 0 0 0 0 0 0
FixedFloater 1,620.0 8 2.00 4.73% 15.7 456M 5.05%
Floater 1,413.6 4 1.74 5.04% 15.3 68M 5.73%
OpRet 1,388.8 31 1.16 4.32% 3.5 55M 5.99%
SplitShare 1,426.9 4 1.50 5.12% 7.2 62M 5.34%
Interest-Bearing 1,437.0 2 2.00 7.69% 4.0 3,522M 7.98%
Perpetual-Premium 1,206.0 6 1.33 5.52% 6.8 103M 6.55%
Perpetual-Discount 1,272.3 5 1.60 5.50% 14.5 330M 5.58%

Index Constitution, 1999-04-30, Pre-rebalancing

Index Constitution, 1999-04-30, Post-rebalancing

Market Action

July 26, 2007

The day ended, at long last, with not just a sound thumping for US Equities, but just about everybody else as well, including Canada.

Liquidity in the US Corporate markets was terrible (worse than yesterday), with marked spread-widening after yet another blown-up hedge fund, but there is some steepening developing with expectations the Fed will cut rates this year. The housing numbers are getting blamed for this in some quarters. Me, I’m not sure. There’s never just one reason. Weak (non-housing) economic news and Junk Bond Fatigue have also been blamed.

Still, at least Treasuries and Canadas had a good day, although the CAD got whacked.

More mundanely, the quarterly results from Loblaws seem to argue against any imminent reversal of the Weston downgrade. And I couldn’t resist checking the definitive BCE / Teachers’ Agreement:

6.4(9): The Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that its obtaining financing is not a condition to any of its obligations hereunder, regardless of the reasons why financing is not obtained or whether such reasons are within or beyond the control of the Purchaser. For the avoidance of doubt, if any financing referred to in this Section 6.4 is not obtained, the Purchaser will continue to be obligated to consummate the Arrangement, subject to and on the terms contemplated by this Agreement.

The PerpetualDiscount index had a nine-day winning streak snapped – but not by much, as the preferred market displayed its customary insouciance towards silly old market news. BCE issues, particularly, did quite well. The Ratchet Rate Index, comprised entirely of Bell Ratchets, kept its streak alive with ten-straight. The volume certainly wasn’t heavy today, but it wasn’t too much on the light side.

Note that these indices are experimental; the absolute and relative daily values are expected to change in the final version. In this version, index values are based at 1,000.0 on 2006-6-30
Index Mean Current Yield (at bid) Mean YTW Mean Average Trading Value Mean Mod Dur (YTW) Issues Day’s Perf. Index Value
Ratchet 4.98% 4.99% 24,636 15.46 2 +0.5965% 1,038.6
Fixed-Floater 4.97% 5.18% 136,047 15.28 8 +0.1292% 1,017.9
Floater 4.86% 2.59% 79,599 11.53 4 -0.0900% 1,047.4
Op. Retract 4.83% 4.03% 85,083 3.19 16 +0.0973% 1,021.5
Split-Share 5.05% 4.57% 107,030 3.89 17 -0.1013% 1,047.0
Interest Bearing 6.21% 6.53% 64,224 4.40 3 -0.1673% 1,038.0
Perpetual-Premium 5.53% 5.18% 116,729 5.79 26 +0.0061% 1,023.6
Perpetual-Discount 5.09% 5.11% 343,200 15.32 38 -0.0001% 972.9
Major Price Changes
Issue Index Change Notes
BAM.PR.N PerpetualDiscount -3.0345% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.70% based on a bid of 21.09 and a limitMaturity.
WFS.PR.A SplitShare -1.1639% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.85% based on a bid of 10.19 and a hardMaturity 2011-6-30 at 10.00.
Volume Highlights
Issue Index Volume Notes
SLF.PR.B PerpetualDiscount 47,250 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.97% based on a bid of 24.33 and a limitMaturity.
BMO.PR.G OpRet 31,681 Has been called for redemption.
CM.PR.I PerpetualDiscount 23,163 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.11% based on a bid of 23.10 and a limitMaturity.
POW.PR.D PerpetualDiscount 22,414 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.24% based on a bid of 24.00 and a limitMaturity. There’s not much room for a capital gain on this one, but the yield looks juicy, eh?
BNS.PR.L PerpetualDiscount 21,635 Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.00% based on a bid of 22.62 and a limitMaturity.

There were fifteen other $25-equivalent index-included issues trading over 10,000 shares today.

Issue Comments

EN.PR.A Proposes Term Extension

Energy Split Corp. II has announced:

that its Board of Directors has approved a proposal to reorganize the Company. The reorganization will permit current holders of both Capital Yield Shares and ROC Preferred Shares to extend their investment in the Company beyond the scheduled redemption date of December 16, 2007 for up to an additional 3 years. Under the proposed reorganization, holders of ROC Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive a new coupon rate which will be fixed prior to the time of the shareholder meeting described below in the context of market conditions at that time. In approving the proposal to reorganize the Company, the Board received and relied on the financial advice and recommendations of Scotia Capital Inc.
    A special meeting of holders of Capital Yield Shares and ROC Preferred Shares will be held on October 23, 2007 to consider and vote upon the proposed reorganization. Details of the proposed reorganization will be outlined in an information circular to be prepared and delivered to holders of Capital Yield Shares and ROC Preferred Shares in connection with the special meeting and will be available on www.sedar.com.

It is, of course, impossible to comment meaningfully on this proposal until the “new coupon rate” has been disclosed.

EN.PR.A is tracked by HIMIPref™, but is not included in any of the indices due to low average volume. There are a mere 1,209,398 shares outstanding, according to the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Term extensions this year have been approved for DFN.PR.A and FFN.PR.A; the proposal for FTN.PR.A was denied by the capital stockholders.

HIMI Preferred Indices

HIMIPref™ Preferred Indices : March, 1999

All indices were assigned a value of 1000.0 as of December 31, 1993.

HIMI Index Values 1999-03-31
Index Closing Value (Total Return) Issues Mean Credit Quality Median YTW Median DTW Median Daily Trading Mean Current Yield
Ratchet 1,504.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
FixedFloater 1,594.4 7 2.00 4.51% 16.0 354M 5.09%
Floater 1,416.9 4 1.75 5.21% 14.9 84M 5.92%
OpRet 1,367.0 33 1.18 4.76% 3.6 65M 6.12%
SplitShare 1,413.8 5 1.60 5.44% 6.9 75M 5.44%
Interest-Bearing 1,388.7 1 2.00 8.90% 4.0 6,040M 8.93%
Perpetual-Premium 1,208.4 2 1.00 6.13% 0.6 56M 8.75%
Perpetual-Discount 1,236.5 9 1.56 5.61% 14.4 260M 5.65%

Index Constitution, 1999-03-31, Pre-rebalancing

Index Constitution, 1999-03-31, Post-rebalancing

Issue Comments

AL.PR.E & AL.PR.F to be Redeemed

Alcan has announced:

the redemption of its Floating Rate Cumulative Redeemable Preference Shares, Series C, 1984 Issue and 1985 Issue, and its Cumulative Redeemable Preference Shares, Series E, on September 3, 2007.

The redemption price is CAD25.00 per Preference Share.

There are 4,199,900 Preference Share, Series C, 1984 Issue, 1,500,000 Preference Shares, Series C, 1985 Issue and 2,999,900 Preference Shares, Series E outstanding.

About time they got rid of those silly things, that’s what I say! This announcement is, presumably, related to the Rio Tinto agreement.

Thanks to assiduous reader SE for bringing this to my attention while the ink was still drying on the press release!

Issue Comments

EPP.PR.A Valuation and Comparables

I thought it would be fun to look at the valuation of EPP.PR.A, given what I’ve heard about the underwriters getting impatient.

EPP.PR.A & Comparatives
Data EPP.PR.A WN.PR.E YPG.PR.B
Price due to base-rate 22.42 21.88 24.26
Price due to short-term -0.62 -0.61 -0.91
Price due to long-term 2.17 2.12 2.18
Price due to Cumulative Dividends 0.31 0.30 0.18
Price due to Retractibility 0.00 0.00 0.92
Price due to Credit Spread (3) -2.83 -2.76 -1.56
Price due to Liquidity 0.00 0.00 0.00
Price due to error 0.36 0.35 0.18
Price due to Credit Spread (high) 0.00 0.00 0.00
Curve Price (Taxable Curve) 21.81 21.28 25.25
Dividend Rate 1.2125 1.1875 1.25
Quote 7/25 20.80-20 20.31-68 23.05-15
YTW (at bid, after tax) 4.72% 4.72% 4.94%
YTW Date Infinite Infinite 2017-6-29
Credit Rating (DBRS) Pfd-3(high) Pfd-3(high) Pfd-3(high)
Credit Rating (S&P) P-2(low) P-3(high) P-3
YTW (Pre-Tax) 5.94% 5.92%  6.19% 
YTW Modified Duration (Pre-Tax) 13.92  14.02 7.60
YTW Pseudo-Convexity (Pre-Tax) 1.03 1.02 0.24

For those who are curious … Pfd-3 (& (high)) issues (using DBRS ratings) trading above their curve price are from BPO, FTS & LB.

As always with issues of this quality, choice of investment is as much a matter of credit anticipation as it is of cash-flow analysis … so before jumping in, do the work and make your own mind up! HIMIPref™’s accuracy is nothing special with these lower-grade credits … but I thought it would be fun to look!

Market Action

July 25, 2007

The day ended with not much happening in government markets, either in Canada or the US. New Zealand tightened to 8.25%. Now, there’s a central bank that’s drop dead serious about inflation!

The KKR/Boots and Chrysler financings both appear to have failed, which probably has Teachers’ feeling pretty nervous about financing the BCE takeover. BCE preferreds seem to be taking all this in stride, however, perhaps due to Desjardins’ calming words.

Of interest today was action with EPP.PR.A, which – judging by the TSX – was a fizzle. There was some pretty good volume today anyway, highlighted by Nesbitt and a series of internal crosses of issues from the GWO / PWF / IGM / POW group … is somebody placing a bet on the August 1 quarterly results announcement?

Note that these indices are experimental; the absolute and relative daily values are expected to change in the final version. In this version, index values are based at 1,000.0 on 2006-6-30
Index Mean Current Yield (at bid) Mean YTW Mean Average Trading Value Mean Mod Dur (YTW) Issues Day’s Perf. Index Value
Ratchet 5.03% 5.05% 24,925 15.38 2 +0.1665% 1,032.5
Fixed-Floater 4.97% 5.20% 137,796 15.24 8 -0.0191% 1,016.6
Floater 4.86% 2.59% 79,720 11.55 4 +0.0100% 1,048.4
Op. Retract 4.84% 3.98% 85,802 3.13 16 -0.0381% 1,020.5
Split-Share 5.05% 4.52% 108,892 3.89 17 -0.1296% 1,048.1
Interest Bearing 6.20% 6.48% 65,973 4.41 3 -0.3043% 1,039.7
Perpetual-Premium 5.53% 5.18% 117,387 5.76 26 -0.0856% 1,023.5
Perpetual-Discount 5.09% 5.11% 345,746 15.32 38 +0.0973% 972.9
Major Price Changes
Issue Index Change Notes
ELF.PR.F PerpetualDiscount -1.3350% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.46% based on a bid of 24.39 and a limitMaturity.
CM.PR.I PerpetualDiscount -1.1329% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.08% based on a bid of 23.21 and a limitMaturity.
BAM.PR.N PerpetualDiscount +1.1628% Reversing yesterday’s decline. Still no sign of capitulation by the dealers, who I suspect still own a lot of this issue … just a continued decline. I suspect that problems with this issue are weighing down the entire BAM complex – which includes BNA.PR.C (splitShare) and BAM.PR.J (Operating Retractible) … but what do I know? These are all starting to look attractive to me. BAM.PR.N now has a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.52% based on a bid of 21.75 and a limitMaturity.
PWF.PR.L PerpetualDiscount +1.4067% Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.22% based on a bid of 24.51 and a limitMaturity.
Volume Highlights
Issue Index Volume Notes
GWO.PR.I PerpetualDiscount 604,824 Nesbitt processed an internal cross of 599,999 shares (in two tranches, so the odd lot is not necessarily related!) at 22.53. Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.05% based on a bid of 22.50 and a limitMaturity.
IGM.PR.A OpRet 372,965 Nesbitt proccessed internal crosses of 369,500 shares at 26.87, and 99 shares at the same price. Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.08% based on a bid of 26.83 and a call 2009-07-30 at 26.00.
PWF.PR.K PerpetualDiscount 225,021 Internal crosses. Nesbitt. 199,900 & 99, $23.77. Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.21% based on a bid of 23.84 and a limitMaturity.
GWO.PR.F PerpetualPremium 146,330 Desjardins crossed 25,000 at 26.85, only to be trumped by Nesbitt’s internal cross of 121,000 (no odd lot!) at 26.87. Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 3.44% based on a bid of 26.82 and a call 2008-10-30 at 26.00.
PWF.PR.E PerpetualPremium 123,219 Nesbitt. Internal cross, 116,300 at 25.57. Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 4.96% based on a bid of 25.66 and a call 2013-3-2 at 25.00.
NTL.PR.F Scraps (would be ratchet, but there are credit concerns) 106,500 Junk bonds? We don’t need no stinking junk bonds. Scotia crossed 100,000 at 18.00
POW.PR.D PerpetualDiscount 103,264 Nesbitt, Internal Crosses, 99,900 & 99, at 23.93. Now with a pre-tax bid-YTW of 5.26% based on a bid of 23.90 and a limitMaturity.

There were twenty-three other $25-equivalent index-included issues trading over 10,000 shares today.

Reader Initiated Comments

Questions (and not many answers!) about the US Market

On a completely unrelated thread, assiduous reader kaspu asked:

While I know that this letter deals only with canadian prefs, I have a question regarding both canadian and us prefs. With all the fooferall in the US regarding sub-prime problems, and perhaps prime problems, it seems that corporate preferred shares, even good investment grade (BBB+), have seen their spreads relative to the Benchmark US 10 year has widened quite a bit. My questions are:

1. Even with the US 10 years going back below 5%, there has been no similar lowering of high credit pref yields. Is this due to a general creditor boycott in regard to preferred shares, which can be illiquid, or is is this a wiespread phenomenom to all non-goverment debt?

2. are the canadian preferreds affected by this US credit fea? or do they trade more closely to how the canadian treasuries fare?

3. There has been quite a bit of talk about the ratings agencies goofing up regarding junk-bonds. Yet it seems to me that this scepticism has also spread to the investment grades. Is this your impression as well? And if so, how are to trust the various rating agencies?

4. Back to the US. There are many different types are highly rated synthetic preferred shares (STRATS, SPARQS etc.) These are usually backed by investment grade bonds, and the prospectus seems fairly clean. Are there any canadian equivalents? As well, can these be classified as CDO-type investments, even though many are rated A and higher.

Thanks in advance,. I know this is quite a bit to ask. But what the heck…..

Well, kaspu, I have to say … I’m not familiar enough with the US Market to address these questions with much confidence, but I’ll give some of the questions the old college try:

1. You should not expect to see the corporate market track Treasuries as closely as all that, especially with the financial sector feeling such stress. In the absence of a good website providing credit spread averages, have a look at the CBOT 10-year swap contract. I’ve discussed swaps on this blog before, in the context of converting perpetuals into synthetic floaters, so if you need to refresh your memory regarding swaps, that’s a good place to start. I note that the 10-year swap contract closed at 102-29 today, which CBOT’s spreadsheet converts to a fixed rate of 5.62% … but there will be settlement date adjustments to make to that figure. You can also get the Federal Reserve’s H15 statistical release which shows 5.64% as of July 24. You should mark prefs off of bonds of comparable quality, not governments.

2. “Canadian Treasuries”? tee-hee … you’re not one of the cool guys! Say “Canadas” … that’s what the cool guys say. Us cool guys also refer to UK government bonds as “Gilts”, just so you know. The Canadian preferred market is dominated by retail. They should trade such that high-quality (read: Bank) discount perpetuals trade at a relatively constant interest-equivalent spread to comparable 30-year paper, but they don’t. Spreads are all over the map and congruence with bond yields can only be detected in very broad terms … for instance, Pfd-3 issues have been trading at an increasing spread to Pfd-2 issues over the past month or so.

3. Rating agencies do not speak with the voice of God and it is a mistake to take them too seriously. It is also a mistake to take them too lightly. Think of credit ratings from major agencies as having the same relevence as market prices … inefficient, yes, and it is entirely rational to disagree with them from time to time … but if you are going to disagree with them, you’d better have a pretty good reason and be prepared to be wrong a lot of the time! They move slowly … perhaps too slowly. A recognized form of bond portfolio management is “Credit Anticipation”, in which you attempt to recognize fundamental changes in companies’ risk profiles before they are highlighted by the rating agencies and subsequently reflected in market price by those who did not anticipate the rating change. One thing that is happening now is that the CDS market is going nuts speculating on which bank holds the most toxic waste … anticipating future changes to rating as the sub-prime situation clarifies.

4. I’m not familiar with these products at all. Sorry! I don’t know of any Canadian preferred products explicitly backed by bonds – that would probably require some fancy footwork with derivatives if the funds were to pay out dividends.

Update: Good spread data is available from Markit Group Limited which administers the CDX Indices

HIMI Preferred Indices

HIMIPref™ Indices: February, 1999

All indices were assigned a value of 1000.0 as of December 31, 1993.

HIMI Index Values 1999-02-26
Index Closing Value (Total Return) Issues Mean Credit Quality Median YTW Median DTW Median Daily Trading Mean Current Yield
Ratchet 1,555.9 0 0 0 0 0 0
FixedFloater 1,610.0 8 2.00 4.40% 16.4 331M 5.03%
Floater 1,465.0 4 1.75 5.12% 15.2 78M 5.71%
OpRet 1,377.7 30 1.20 4.30% 3.4 66M 6.09%
SplitShare 1,411.0 4 1.50 5.15% 7.2 128M 5.35%
Interest-Bearing 1,377.7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Perpetual-Premium 1,228.8 6 1.33 5.56% 7.0 135M 6.60%
Perpetual-Discount 1,267.4 3 0 0 0 0 0

Index Constitution, 1999-02-26, Pre-rebalancing

Index Constitution, 1999-02-26, Post-rebalancing